First Priest of Our Parish
Alexander Nemolovsky (Archbishop of Belgium) was born into a priest family in 1880, in the town of Gulsk, Russia of Volinsk Diocese. After graduation from Theological Academy in 1901, he was ordained priest by his excellence Sergius (Stargorodsky), future patriarch of all Russia, and sent with the mission to Philadelphia, USA. In 1905, he was moved to Reading, Pennsylvania where he became the first rector of St. Nicholas Church in Reading, PA. A year later in 1906 he was moved to Jersey City.
In 1909, he was consecrated Bishop of Alaska, auxiliary of Archbishop Tikhon of America (the future Patriarch of Moscow). From 1917 to 1921, he was at the head of the Archdiocese of America (Patriarchate of Moscow). After having participated in the Synod of Karlovtsy, in Yugoslavia, he was installed in Constantinople, where was found a large number of Russians who had fled their country. Expelled by the Turks, he spent a brief period on Mount Athos, finally finding himself in Paris under Metropolitan Evlogii, who had been designated by the Patriarch of Moscow to lead the Russian parishes in exile. During Second World War in 1940 he was arrested by Hitler and delivered handcuffed to Berlin. After the victory, he was released from arrest and became the Head of the Russian Orthodox Church in Germany with title Archbishop of Berlin and Germany. During this time, he was accepted under jurisdiction of Moscow Patriarch. In 1948 he became Archbishop of Brussels and Belgium. From 1959, he was Metropolitan of Belgium. His Excellency Alexander remained a very devoted and ascetic Orthodox bishop in Belgium until his death on April 11, 1960.
Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ 30 Π°Π²Π³ΡΡΡΠ° 1875 Π³. (Π² "ΠΠΠ" 1960 Π³., β 8, Ρ. 10 ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 1880. Π‘ΠΌ. ΠΡΠΈΠ±. ΠΊ "Π¦Π" 1909 Π³., β 47, Ρ. 1153) Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ. ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΈ. Π 1901 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΠ Π΄ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ². Π‘Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (Π‘ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ) Π²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ±Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ²ΠΎ-Π€ΠΈΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π 1905 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π² Π ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π³ (ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ). Π 1906 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈ ΠΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ-Π‘ΠΈΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ· Π³. ΠΡΡ-ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ°. Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ» ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π³Π°Π·Π΅ΡΡ "Π‘Π²Π΅Ρ" Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π» Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Ρ.Π½. "Π²Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ ", Ρ.Π΅. Π² ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅. Π Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ 1909 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ°Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ. 28 ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘Π²ΡΡ. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅ΠΌΡ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌ; 6 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ ΠΎΠ½ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, Π° 8 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ°Π½ Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΈΡΠ°. 15/28 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1909 Π³. Π±ΡΠ» Ρ ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π² ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎ-ΠΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΈ. 6 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1916 Π³. ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π²ΠΎ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΠ°Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π‘ 1918 Π³. - Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎ-ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ. Π 1921 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π°Π» Π² ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ 1928 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΡΠΎΠ½ Π² ΠΠ½Π΄ΡΠ΅Π΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π°Π» Π² ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π±ΡΠ» Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠ²Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ (ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ). 11 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 1936 Π³. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ» Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ. Π 1940 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² ΠΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°, Π±ΡΠ» ΠΈΠΌ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ Π² ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π² ΠΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½. Π‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π²Π·ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π±ΡΠ» ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ» ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ Π ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡ Π¦Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ "ΠΡΡ ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ". Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ 16 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1948 Π³. - Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ. 28 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1959 Π³. Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ°Π½ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ 11 Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ 1960 Π³. Π² ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅.
In 1909, he was consecrated Bishop of Alaska, auxiliary of Archbishop Tikhon of America (the future Patriarch of Moscow). From 1917 to 1921, he was at the head of the Archdiocese of America (Patriarchate of Moscow). After having participated in the Synod of Karlovtsy, in Yugoslavia, he was installed in Constantinople, where was found a large number of Russians who had fled their country. Expelled by the Turks, he spent a brief period on Mount Athos, finally finding himself in Paris under Metropolitan Evlogii, who had been designated by the Patriarch of Moscow to lead the Russian parishes in exile. During Second World War in 1940 he was arrested by Hitler and delivered handcuffed to Berlin. After the victory, he was released from arrest and became the Head of the Russian Orthodox Church in Germany with title Archbishop of Berlin and Germany. During this time, he was accepted under jurisdiction of Moscow Patriarch. In 1948 he became Archbishop of Brussels and Belgium. From 1959, he was Metropolitan of Belgium. His Excellency Alexander remained a very devoted and ascetic Orthodox bishop in Belgium until his death on April 11, 1960.
Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ 30 Π°Π²Π³ΡΡΡΠ° 1875 Π³. (Π² "ΠΠΠ" 1960 Π³., β 8, Ρ. 10 ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 1880. Π‘ΠΌ. ΠΡΠΈΠ±. ΠΊ "Π¦Π" 1909 Π³., β 47, Ρ. 1153) Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ. ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΈ. Π 1901 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΠ Π΄ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ². Π‘Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (Π‘ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ) Π²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ±Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ²ΠΎ-Π€ΠΈΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π 1905 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π² Π ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π³ (ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ). Π 1906 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈ ΠΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ-Π‘ΠΈΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ· Π³. ΠΡΡ-ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ°. Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ» ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π³Π°Π·Π΅ΡΡ "Π‘Π²Π΅Ρ" Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π» Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Ρ.Π½. "Π²Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ ", Ρ.Π΅. Π² ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅. Π Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ 1909 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ°Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ. 28 ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘Π²ΡΡ. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅ΠΌΡ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌ; 6 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ ΠΎΠ½ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, Π° 8 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ°Π½ Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΈΡΠ°. 15/28 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1909 Π³. Π±ΡΠ» Ρ ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π² ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎ-ΠΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΈ. 6 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1916 Π³. ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π²ΠΎ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΠ°Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π‘ 1918 Π³. - Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎ-ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ. Π 1921 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π°Π» Π² ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ 1928 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΡΠΎΠ½ Π² ΠΠ½Π΄ΡΠ΅Π΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π°Π» Π² ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π±ΡΠ» Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠ²Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ (ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ). 11 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 1936 Π³. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ» Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ. Π 1940 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² ΠΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°, Π±ΡΠ» ΠΈΠΌ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ Π² ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π² ΠΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½. Π‘ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π²Π·ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π±ΡΠ» ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ» ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ Π ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡ Π¦Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ "ΠΡΡ ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ". Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ 16 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1948 Π³. - Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ. 28 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1959 Π³. Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ°Π½ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ 11 Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ 1960 Π³. Π² ΠΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅.

